Supply Active
Absolute Hard Cap: 21,000,000 BTC Limit

Bitcoin Full Issuance Schedule (2009 - 2140) Timeline

Complete programmatically enforced supply emission curve from the Genesis Block in 2009 to the final Satoshi issuance in 2140 and post-subsidy transaction fee economics.

Bitcoin Block Reward Halving Schedule

Detailed breakdown of historical, projected, and final issuance epochs

Event Date Block Reward Mined in Period % Mined Total Mined Cycle Top / Bottom
Historical Era
Genesis Cycle Jan 3, 2009 0 50 BTC 10,500,000 50.00% 10,500,000 N/A
1st Halving Nov 28, 2012 210,000 25 BTC 5,250,000 75.00% 15,750,000 Nov 2013 ($1.1k) / Jan 2015 ($150)
2nd Halving July 9, 2016 420,000 12.5 BTC 2,625,000 87.50% 18,375,000 Dec 2017 ($19.7k) / Dec 2018 ($3.1k)
3rd Halving May 11, 2020 630,000 6.25 BTC 1,312,500 93.75% 19,687,500 Nov 2021 ($69k) / Nov 2022 ($15.5k)
4th Halving Apr 20, 2024 840,000 3.125 BTC 656,250 96.87% 20,343,750 Est. 2025 ($126k*) / Est. 2026 (TBD)
Expansion Phase
5th Halving Est. 2028 1,050,000 1.5625 BTC 328,125 98.43% 20,671,875 Est. 2029 (TBD)
6th Halving Est. 2032 1,260,000 0.7812 BTC 164,062 99.21% 20,835,937 Est. 2033 (TBD)
7th Halving Est. 2036 1,470,000 0.3906 BTC 82,031 99.60% 20,917,968 Est. 2037 (TBD)
8th Halving Est. 2040 1,680,000 0.1953 BTC 41,015 99.80% 20,958,983 Est. 2041 (TBD)
The Satoshi Era (9th - 32nd Halvings)
10th Halving Est. 2048 2,100,000 0.0488 BTC 10,253 99.95% 20,989,746 -
20th Halving Est. 2088 4,200,000 0.00004 BTC 10 99.99% 20,999,980 -
Final Issuance
33rd Halving Est. 2140 6,930,000 0.00000001 BTC 1 Sat 99.99...% 20,999,999 End of Subsidy
Post-2140 Year 2140+ 6,930,001+ 0 BTC 0 100.00% 21,000,000 Fees Only Era
Total Mined to Date
20,343,750 BTC
96.87% Mined
Remaining to Mine
656,250 BTC
3.13% Unmined
By Year 2036
99.60% Mined
20.91M BTC in Circulation
Final Subsidy Block
Block 6,930,000
1 Satoshi Reward

Understanding Bitcoin's Programmed Scarcity

Bitcoin's monetary policy is hardcoded into its open-source protocol. Starting with a 50 BTC reward per block in 2009, the issuance rate drops by 50% every 210,000 blocks (~4 years). This guarantees a strict hard ceiling of 21,000,000 Bitcoins, creating a predictable, mathematically enforced deflationary currency.

Frequently Asked Questions

Essential questions regarding Bitcoin issuance timelines, supply caps, and fee security.

When will all 21 million Bitcoins be mined?
Over 99.2% of all Bitcoins will be mined by 2036. The 33rd and final halving will occur around the year 2140 at block 6,930,000, bringing total issuance to 20,999,999.99999999 BTC.
What happens to Bitcoin after the year 2140 when block subsidies end?
After 2140, block rewards drop to 0 BTC. Miners will be compensated entirely through transaction fees paid by users to include transactions in blocks.